"Athena" the 4th cruise ship to visit Orkney today.Pilot launch "John Rae" arriving back in port after sailing the Cruise ship "Marina"
If there was an increase of superstructure then the "G" would rise (more weight added higher up), lowering the "GM".
By adding sponsons like this the Water Plane Area is increased, which results in a rise of BM, effectively rising the Meticentric height and therefore inceasing the "GM" and improving the stability offsetting the added weight high up.
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